Does globalization promote democracy. Does Religion Cause Violence? 2022-10-22
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Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and populations, driven by advances in communication, transportation, and information technology. It is a complex and controversial phenomenon, with both supporters and detractors. One of the key debates surrounding globalization is whether it promotes democracy or not.
On one hand, proponents of globalization argue that it can foster democracy by promoting economic growth, providing access to new ideas and information, and increasing opportunities for people to participate in the global economy. Economic growth can lead to increased prosperity and a stronger middle class, which can in turn lead to more inclusive and stable democracies. Access to new ideas and information can also help to expand people's horizons and stimulate critical thinking, leading to more informed and engaged citizens. Finally, participation in the global economy can provide people with the skills, resources, and networks necessary to be active and effective participants in their own democracies.
On the other hand, critics of globalization argue that it can undermine democracy by exacerbating inequality, eroding local cultures and communities, and concentrating power in the hands of a global elite. Economic growth may not be inclusive, with the benefits accruing disproportionately to a small group at the top. This can lead to increased social and political polarization, and even to the erosion of democratic institutions. Globalization can also lead to the homogenization of cultures and the loss of local traditions and ways of life, which can erode social cohesion and undermine the sense of belonging and common purpose that are essential for healthy democracies. Finally, globalization can concentrate power in the hands of a small group of multinational corporations and financial institutions, which can wield enormous influence over national and international policies.
In conclusion, the relationship between globalization and democracy is complex and multifaceted. While globalization can promote democracy in some ways, it can also undermine it in others. Ultimately, the impact of globalization on democracy will depend on how it is managed and regulated, and on the choices that individuals and societies make about how to balance the benefits and challenges of this complex and rapidly evolving phenomenon.
John Stuart Mill
Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University — via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. What effect did Babbages Economy of Machinery and Manufacturers have? Religion can cause all kinds of trouble in the public arena. Other theorists of religion and violence make similar admissions. Principles came to dominate economics teaching. If the conventional wisdom that religion causes violence is so incoherent, why is it so prevalent? Their implicit definitions of religion are unjustifiably clear about what does and does not qualify as a religion. The Evolution of International Human Rights: Visions Seen.
It often breeds intolerance of other religions as well as of internal dissent, and has a propensity towards violence. Specialized agencies of the United Nations No. Yet, to dislike America is one thing; to regard it as a cosmic enemy is quite another. He defines higher pleasures as mental, moral, and aesthetic pleasures, and lower pleasures as being more sensational. A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive Classic Reprint.
The Oxford handbook of the history of ethics. Such people will sometimes argue that the real motivation behind so-called religious violence is in fact economic and political, not religious. One would think that he would draw the obvious conclusion that zealous nationalism can cause violence. A more economical title for his book would have been Why People Do Bad Things. If the earth must lose that great portion of its pleasantness which it owes to things that the unlimited increase of wealth and population would extirpate from it, for the mere purpose of enabling it to support a larger, but not a better or a happier population, I sincerely hope, for the sake of posterity, that they will be content to be stationary, long before necessity compel them to it. Sullivan is willing to gird himself with the language of a warrior and underwrite U. He argued that even if an opinion is false, the truth can be better understood by refuting the error.
Religion builds community, and so does politics. Others will argue that people who do violence are, by definition, not religious. This question is hard for observers of international politics to answer, and harder still for ordinary Americans to fathom. The capitalist knows that money is just a human creation, the liberal democrat is modest about what can be known beyond human experience, the nationalist knows that a country is made of land and mortal people, but the religious believer puts faith in a god or gods or at least a transcendent reality that lays claim to absolute validity. In foreign policy, the conventional wisdom helps reinforce and justify Western attitudes and policies toward the non-Western world, especially Muslims, whose primary point of difference with the West is their stubborn refusal to tame religious passions in the public sphere. For example, what he says about cosmic war is virtually indistinguishable from what he says about war in general: Looking closely at the notion of war, one is confronted with the idea of dichotomous opposition on an absolute scale.
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Now let us ask the following two questions: What percentage of Americans who identify themselves as Christians would be willing to kill for their Christian faith? Through the consequential sophistication and knowledge attained, individuals are able to properly act in ways that recedes away from those leading towards overpopulation. Quite apart from this crude tearing-apart of production and distribution and of their real relationship, it must be apparent from the outset that, no matter how differently distribution may have been arranged in different stages of social development, it must be possible here also, just as with production, to single out common characteristics, and just as possible to confound or to extinguish all historic differences under general human laws. Journal of International Political Theory. President In 2020, former U. Zakaras Cambridge University Press, 2007. With this, Mill can be considered among the earliest male proponents of gender equality, having been recruited by American feminist The Subjection of Women, Mill attempts to make a case for perfect equality.
In What Utilitarianism Is, he focuses no longer on background information but utilitarianism itself. This is true even if the worldly issues at heart in the dispute do not seem to warrant such a ferocious position. Religion has a peculiar tendency toward absolutism, says Wentz, but he casts a very wide net when considering religion. No compromise is deemed possible. Wentz, Why People Do Bad Things in the Name of Religion Mercer University Press, 1993 , 37. Wakefield, New Hampshire: Longwood Academic. He believed that higher pleasures should be seen as preferable to lower pleasures since they have a greater quality in virtue.
Amsterdam and Atlanta: Editions Rodopi B. What Is the Argument For? The myth of religious violence helps create a blind spot about the violence of the putatively secular nation-state. Indeed, Mill occasionally attended Christian worship services during his teen years and thereafter for the rest of his life. Thus the irrational came to mean the domination of religion in the historical period that preceded it. The admission of any such state to membership in the United Nations will be effected by a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. He considered that argument already won. The former group carries on as if the latter did not exist.
In wars between liberalism and totalitarianism, the totalitarian picture of the war is always mad. People kill for all sorts of things. In the case of Principles of Economics. John Stuart Mill's Political Philosophy. The problem is that religion was not considered something separable from such political institutions until the modern era, and then primarily in the West. Many institutions and ideologies that do not explicitly refer to God or gods function in the same way as those that do. Regrettably, we find ourselves forced to bomb them into the higher rationality.
Sells Columbia University Press, 2003 , 28-29. For Mill, a universal education held the potential to create new abilities and novel types of behavior of which the current receiving generation and their descendants could both benefit from. The conflict becomes explicable in terms of the essential qualities of the two opponents, not in terms of actual historical encounters. Auguste Comte: an intellectual biography. Suppose we apply an empirical test to the question of absolutism. The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science. In such a situation, the only thing likely to ensure our survival may be a nuclear first strike of our own.
Long Live the United Nations. John Stuart Mill and the Religion of Humanity. It dismisses rather than explains. If one were to try to prove it, one would need a concept of religion that would be at least theoretically separable from other institutional forces over the course of history. And I denounce and reprobate this pretension not the less if it is put forth on the side of my most solemn convictions.
