73rd amendment. 73rd AND 74th Amendments 2022-11-21
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The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India, also known as the Panchayati Raj Amendment, was a significant reform that aimed to decentralize power and give more decision-making authority to local governments in rural areas. The amendment was passed in 1992 and came into effect on April 24, 1993. It marked a major shift in the way rural areas were governed in India, as it gave gram panchayats (village councils) more power and resources to address the needs of their communities.
Before the 73rd Amendment, rural areas in India were governed by a top-down approach, with decisions being made by higher levels of government and then imposed on local communities. This often resulted in a disconnect between the needs of the community and the actions of the government, as local leaders had little say in how resources were allocated or how problems were addressed.
The 73rd Amendment changed this by giving gram panchayats more control over their own affairs. It established a three-tier system of local government, consisting of gram panchayats at the village level, panchayat samitis (block councils) at the intermediate level, and zilla parishads (district councils) at the district level. Each of these levels of government was given the power to levy and collect taxes, as well as to plan and implement development projects.
The 73rd Amendment also ensured that gram panchayats were more representative of the communities they served. It reserved one-third of all seats for women, and reserved seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in proportion to their population. This helped to ensure that the voices of marginalized groups were heard in local decision-making processes.
The 73rd Amendment has had a significant impact on rural governance in India. It has given local governments more control over their own affairs, which has helped to improve the delivery of public services and to address the needs of the community. It has also empowered women and marginalized groups, who now have a greater say in how their communities are run.
Overall, the 73rd Amendment has been a successful reform that has helped to decentralize power and improve the lives of people living in rural areas of India. It is a prime example of the positive impact that decentralization can have on a country's governance and development.
Learn about 73rd Amendment Act
Article 243 E 1 of the Constitution mandates holding panchayat elections regularly every five years. Therefore, caste and class are the two factors, which deserve attention in this context. States with a population of less than 20 lakhs may not constitute the intermediate level. Nature, success and effectiveness of democracy largely depend on the extent to which equal, effective and actual participation is provided to all citizens. The provision of introducing amendments to the Constitution which though difficult is not challenging as other constitutions is a unique feature of the Indian Constitution.
(PDF) The 73 rd Constitutional Amendment and Empowerment of Rural Women
Article 40 of the Constitution of India, which preserves one of the Directive Principles of State Policy, states that the State should make efforts to organize village panchayats and grant them the essential authorities and authority to act as self-governing bodies. Therefore, It was proposed that a new part relating to the panchayat be added to the constitution of India. In that case the elections must take place before expiry of 6 months of the dissolution. The essay is based on a study of Local Self-Government. We also provide 5th July Current Affairs mcq in English and hindi both, 5th July Current Affairs mcq pdf, 5th June Current Affairs mcq test series, 5th July Current Affairs mcq video, 5th July Current Affairs mcq for upsc 2021, 5th July Current Affairs mcq for upsc prelims, 5th July Current Affairs mcq for upsc mains. Therefore the panchayats are the best institution to deal with the issues arising at the grassroots level. Social forestry and farm forestry.
H Duties of the Panchayats The State authority has the power to bestow various responsibilities that it thinks as fine to the local self-government. These provisions are also not applicable in the schedule and tribal areas, hilly areas of Manipur for which district council exist and Darjeeling, West Bengal. Very few less than 10% Dalit families possessed agricultural land. This act granted constitutional status to panchayats and democratized decentralization. At present, one thing is clear: some states are sincerely thinking in realistic terms and have started the process of devolution of powers to the Panchayati Raj institutions. The major reasons given for the failure of Panchayati Raj institutions were inadequate powers and resources, irregular elections and meetings, negative state control, political and public apathy, neglect of weaker sections and women, and above all, the lack of constitutional states.
The main motive was to make a modern law website that is clean, comfortable, and has few ads. Empowerment Aside from the efficient system organized by the 73rd Amendment, the provisions to empower citizens who previously had limited access to power showed a dedication to bringing all Indians together for the continued development and benefit of the country. Effective implementation of the project can make Gram Panchayat transparent, accountable, effective and efficient. What is the difference between 73rd and 74th Amendment? This is because of law students, advocates, judges and professors like you, who give me satisfaction, hope and the motivation to keep working. This political step was historical as it was expected to make major structural changes to restore the rightful place of local bodies as democratic units in the present system of governance. Similarly, various scholars came forward and gave a long list of reasons for this failure.
This institution is empowered to perform various functions at the village level, including establishing schools and health facilities. A panchayat if elected after the dissolution of the panchayat before shall continue for the remainder period for which the dissolved panchayat would have continued had it not been dissolved. Essential features of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 1. By establishing Panchayati Raj in India and constitutionalizing local governance through its foundation, the 73rd Amendment of Indian Constitution changed representational democracy into a participatory one and gave actual embodiment to the Directive Principles of State Policy. The system has brought governance and issue redressal to the grassroot levels in the country but there are other issues too. Minor irrigation, water management and watershed development.
It is, therefore, significant to see how far the aims and objectives of the constitutional amendment and the aspirations generated by it have been met. You can click on this link and join: Follow us on. Decentralisation without restructuring power may mean empowering the local elite rather than the local people. This amendment brought the state governments under constitutional obligation to adopt the new system of Panchayati Raj in accordance with the provisions of the act. However, capacity building and There is also a lack of mechanisms for monitoring the implementation of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act. The 73rd Amendment was about rural local government and the 74th amendment was about urban local self-government. But unfortunately, the growth and working of rural local bodies in India have never been up to the mark.
This includes the devolution of activities, functionaries, finance and the empowerment of local governance refer section 2. Further, the disqualification criteria are to be decided by the state legislature by law. They also have significant contribution towards both national policies and politics as well as relations with other international communities. It makes provisions for the reservation of seats at all the three levels in favour of women, the scheduled castes, the scheduled tribes and the other backward classes. Graphic Organizer Prompt: Make a chart, poster, or some other type of graphic organizer that details the Raj Panchayat system.
What are the main provisions of 73rd constitutional amendment?
They are to be equal partners in the nation building and political development. As a result, the devolution of finances and the excessive use of authority and responsibility by the Panchayati Raj institutions are the current challenges that are most important to the effectiveness of these small pockets of democracy in the years to come. Panchayat Samiti Panchayat Samiti is the second tier of the Panchayati system that links the gram panchayat with the Zila Parishad. Through over 600 District Panchayats, around 6000 Intermediate Panchayats and 2. The aim of the Panchayati Raj is to develop local self-governments in districts, zones and villages. The many hours we spent in reflecting on concepts and experiences were useful in expanding the thinking behind this exercise. At the block level, the grant requests are reviewed, and the leaders of the villages assess whether these needs can be met locally, or if state grants are needed, programs can be combined to serve multiple villages with one effort.
All About 73rd Amendment Of Indian Constitution // Examarly
Before the amendments, the Indian democratic structure through elected representatives was restricted to the two houses of Parliament, state assemblies and certain union territories. Participation is looked at from three interacting dimensions of interest, Information and Decision. The Act also puts a bar on interference by courts in electoral matters of Panchayats. Planning Times - a part of. Three-tier systems of governance The Act provides for the establishment of the three-tier system of Panchayati Raj in the states district, intermediate and village level.
